No other civilization in the world has captivated so much the imagination that the civilization of the Indus Valley,also known under the name of culture of Harappa in which some authors have believed to see the mythical empire of Rama. The civilization of the Indus Valley has its roots 8,000 years ago at Mehrgarh.

The Harappan culture had largely exceeded the borders of what is now Pakistan, it was center in Sindh and Punjab. The two greatest cities, Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, emerged around -2600 along the Indus Valley, on the Indian and on the Pakistani shores.

This civilization, knowing the writing, having some urban centers and a social and economic structure, was rediscovered in 1920 during excavations at Mohenjo-Daroie "Mount of the Dead" in Sindh near Sukkur and Harappa, in western Punjab and southern Lahore. Many sites, extending from North of the base of Himalaya to the East of Indian Punjab, until the Gujarat in South and East and until the Baluchistan in the West, have also been discovered and studied.

Although the archaeological site of Harappa was partially damaged, in 1857, by the engineers building the Lahore-Multan railroad, who used bricks from the ruins of Harappa as ballast, however, we found an abundance of artifacts. (source)Wikipedia

The strong radiation emanating from fossil corpses, at Mohenjo-Daro, forced the Indian government to close the site. Would have Rama's Empire been destroyed by a nuke bomb?see Shiva fait la bombe

As the pre-dynastic Egyptian civilization, this culture of Harappa remains an archaeological enigma. Very little is still known about this civilization of Indus. Its origins (-3000) and its decline (-1500) are mysterious, its language is unknown, and its writing indecipherable. No hint of temples, or religious buildings of any kind; thoroughly modern cities, a very high level of material comfort, a clear concern for health,At about the same time, we find this "modernity", though somewhat lower, at Çatal Hüyük, en Anatolie no apparent difference in social class. No other civilization, not even Egypt or Mesopotamia, has shown such a degree of planning and development. 

Except perhaps at the other end of the Earth, a people equally mysterious, the Olmecs.See Grosses têtes olmèques Besides also the remains of other civilizations in India.

At Mahabalipuram in southern India, a legend says that a city was submerged 10,000 years ago. However, just before the tsunami of 26th December 2004, the waters receded very far. And the inhabitants of the town have seen the emergence of the ruins of a temple and of a stone house, as well as an elephant and two giant lions carved in granite. Two years earlier, Graham Hancock had set up an underwater expedition revealing the presence of masonry and frame walls, dated from 6,000 to 10,000 years ago. As in the legend ...

A legend tells us that not far away, between India and Sri Lanka, an artificial isthmus was linking the two coasts. The legend calls it Adam's Bridge, or Rama's Bridge, for the Ramayana tells us that it was built to allow RamaClick + to reach the island of Sri Lanka, where his wife Sita was imprisoned by the demon king Ravana. This legend is based on a geological reality: Adam's Bridge, Rama's Bridge or Setubandha, is a chain of sandbanks stretching from the island of Sri Lanka to the Coromandel coast, at the southern tip of India. Geological evidence show that in the past, Adam's Bridge was a continuous isthmus. 20 miles long, this bridge is now submerged at 90 yards under the sea level. Its particular curvature indicates that he would have been built by man. The Ramayana and the archaeological studies agree on the human presence in Sri Lanka about 1.7 million years ago. The age of the bridge seems to be similar.

In 2002, on the advice of a researcher on the remains of the past, the NASA produced a satellite photographSee above taken between India and Sri Lanka. It let appear underwater between the southern tip of India and Sri Lanka, a structure straddling the passes of the chain of sea mounts. Satellite images showing the materiality of the isthmus had a big impact in India, where everyone saw that the Ramayana was right.

So the NASA spokesman felt compelled to put a flat: "These images are ours, but our interpretation is different. Some remote sensing images or photographs in orbit can not provide any direct information on the origin or age of a chain of islands. They certainly do not indicate whether humans were involved in the production of this structure."

Also in India, in North East this time. In February 2002, off Surat in the gulf of Cambay, marine scientists have recorded sonar images of square and rectangular shapes, 50 yards in depth. The Indian Minister of Science and Technology made dredge the site. The findings, utensils, tools, ornaments, show a sophistication that has surprised archaeologists around the world.  Mr. CremoThe U.S. Michael Cremo, researcher in the archaeological history Bhakti Vedanta Institute of India, is also the co-author of the book Forbidden Archaeology and The Secret History of the human species. participated in the evaluation of raw data.

"The radiocarbon dating of a piece of wood belonging to the site marks an age of 9,500 years, which would date the sunken city at the end of the last ice age, or perhaps before, says Cremo, but I am afraid the American archaeologists try to reduce that time.

They view very unfavorably the arrival on the archaeological scene of such an ancient urban civilized site. If that is the case we have here the first known civilization, former to Sumer by several millenniums. It is more ancient than the Egyptians, and than the Chinese too. It should upset the global picture of urban development. If we can identify the culture of this people, and if it is as I think a Vedic culture, it will rewrite the history of India, due so far to western archaeologists."  (source)Michael Cremo, on site

Currently, they pay only little more than 3,500 years to the archaic Vedic culture, that of the Sanskrit Devenagara, the language of the Vedas. This dating would make of the Vedas and the thousands of songs that make it up the oldest known text, former to the cuneiform writing.see Les tablettes assyriennes

About the discoveries in the Gulf of Cambay, Michael Cremo, archaeologist and historian, says we must probably rewrite the history of India. But this is not only the history of India that researchers like him are being rewriting, this is the whole history of the world. In its modest way, this site is an echo and an escort of this approach. Too many puzzles remain,see Le mystère de la grande pyramide which are about to be solved. Where did the Olmecs come from? Who helped the ancient Egyptians? Why do the early civilizations appear already developed, without any trace of evolution? Who are Quetzalcoatlsee Les plumes du serpent and Viracocha?see Le christ des Andes Have the Atlanteans existed? Were there other advanced civilizations before ours?

How else could we explain the wonders of Çatal Hüyük and Derinkuyu,see Des villes sous terre in Anatolia? And Harappa in the Indus Valley? And Mahabalipuram? And the bridge of Rama? All these technical feats that substantiate the myth of the golden age,see L'âge d'or the myth of an ancient civilizationsee Mondes disparus a quasi-divine one, because its development was so advanced. Despite his pride, the Western man of the 18th Century did not invent the technological progress.see Ovni préhistorique Despite our naivety, we are not the first ones. Nor the only ones, probably.Click + to see Exobiology Why is it that like man himself, the civilizationssee Typologie des civilisations have such a short memory?